Hackers Exploit Zero-Day Bugs in Draytek Devices to Target Enterprise Networks

Mar 27, 2020

Cybersecurity researchers with Qihoo 360’s NetLab today
unveiled details of two recently spotted zero-day cyberattack
campaigns in the wild targeting enterprise-grade networking devices
manufactured by Taiwan-based DrayTek.

According to the report ^[1], at least two separate
groups of hackers exploited two critical remote command injection
vulnerabilities (CVE-2020-8515) affecting DrayTek Vigor
enterprise switches, load-balancers, routers and VPN gateway
devices to eavesdrop on network traffic and install backdoors.

The zero-day attacks started somewhere at the end of last
November or at the beginning of December and are potentially still
ongoing against thousands of publicly exposed DrayTek
switches, Vigor 2960, 3900, 300B devices that haven’t
yet been patched with the latest firmware
updates released last month.
^[2]

The zero-day vulnerabilities in question can be exploited by any
unauthorized remote attackers to inject and execute arbitrary
commands on the system, as also detailed ^[3] by a separate researcher
on his blog.

“The two 0-day vulnerability command injection points are keyPath
and rtick, located in the /www/cgi-bin/mainfunction.cgi, and the
corresponding Web Server program is /usr/sbin/lighttpd,” the report
says.

NetLab researchers have not yet attributed both attacks to any
specific group, but it did confirm that while the first group
simply spied on the network traffic, the second group of attackers
used rtick command injection vulnerability to create:

the web-session backdoor that never expires,
SSH backdoor on TCP ports 22335 and 32459,
system backdoor account with user “wuwuhanhan” and password
“caonimuqin.”

To be noted, if you have just recently installed the patched
firmware, or installing now, it won’t remove backdoor accounts
automatically in case you’re already compromised.
“We recommend that DrayTek Vigor users check and update their
firmware in a timely manner and check whether there is a tcpdump
process, SSH backdoor account, Web Session backdoor, etc. on their
systems.”

“If you have remote access enabled on your router, disable it if
you don’t need it, and use an access control list if possible,” the
company suggests.

The list of affected firmware versions are as follow:

Vigor2960 < v1.5.1
Vigor300B < v1.5.1
Vigor3900 < v1.5.1
VigorSwitch20P2121 <= v2.3.2
VigorSwitch20G1280 <= v2.3.2
VigorSwitch20P1280 <= v2.3.2
VigorSwitch20G2280 <= v2.3.2
VigorSwitch20P2280 <= v2.3.2

Affected companies and individuals are highly recommended to
install the latest firmware updates to completely protect their
valuable networks against malware and emerging online
threats.

References

^{^}
report
(blog.netlab.360.com)
^{^}
firmware updates
(www.draytek.com)
^{^}
detailed
(www.skullarmy.net)

The Hacker News Headlines

New Apple iOS 16 Exploit Enables Stealthy Cellular Access Under Fake Airplane Mode

Aug 18, 2023

The Hacker News Headlines

China-Linked Bronze Starlight Group Targeting Gambling Sector with Cobalt Strike Beacons

Aug 18, 2023

The Hacker News Headlines

NoFilter Attack: Sneaky Privilege Escalation Method Bypasses Windows Security

Aug 18, 2023

OWASP TOP !0

Injection. Injection flaws, such as SQL, NoSQL, OS, and LDAP injection, occur when untrusted data is sent to an interpreter as part of a command or query. The attacker’s hostile data can trick the interpreter into executing unintended commands or accessing data without proper authorization. Broken Authentication. Application functions related to authentication and session management are often implemented incorrectly, allowing attackers to compromise passwords, keys, or session tokens, or to exploit other implementation flaws to assume other users’ identities temporarily or permanently. Sensitive Data Exposure. Many web applications and APIs do not properly protect sensitive data, such as financial, healthcare, and PII. Attackers may steal or modify such weakly protected data to conduct credit card fraud, identity theft, or other crimes. Sensitive data may be compromised without extra protection, such as encryption at rest or in transit, and requires special precautions when exchanged with the browser. XML External Entities (XXE). Many older or poorly configured XML processors evaluate external entity references within XML documents. External entities can be used to disclose internal files using the file URI handler, internal file shares, internal port scanning, remote code execution, and denial of service attacks. Broken Access Control. Restrictions on what authenticated users are allowed to do are often not properly enforced. Attackers can exploit these flaws to access unauthorized functionality and/or data, such as access other users’ accounts, view sensitive files, modify other users’ data, change access rights, etc. Security Misconfiguration. Security misconfiguration is the most commonly seen issue. This is commonly a result of insecure default configurations, incomplete or ad hoc configurations, open cloud storage, misconfigured HTTP headers, and verbose error messages containing sensitive information. Not only must all operating systems, frameworks, libraries, and applications be securely configured, but they must be patched/upgraded in a timely fashion. Cross-Site Scripting XSS. XSS flaws occur whenever an application includes untrusted data in a new web page without proper validation or escaping, or updates an existing web page with user-supplied data using a browser API that can create HTML or JavaScript. XSS allows attackers to execute scripts in the victim’s browser which can hijack user sessions, deface web sites, or redirect the user to malicious sites. Insecure Deserialization. Insecure deserialization often leads to remote code execution. Even if deserialization flaws do not result in remote code execution, they can be used to perform attacks, including replay attacks, injection attacks, and privilege escalation attacks. Using Components with Known Vulnerabilities. Components, such as libraries, frameworks, and other software modules, run with the same privileges as the application. If a vulnerable component is exploited, such an attack can facilitate serious data loss or server takeover. Applications and APIs using components with known vulnerabilities may undermine application defenses and enable various attacks and impacts. Insufficient Logging & Monitoring. Insufficient logging and monitoring, coupled with missing or ineffective integration with incident response, allows attackers to further attack systems, maintain persistence, pivot to more systems, and tamper, extract, or destroy data. Most breach studies show time to detect a breach is over 200 days, typically detected by external parties rather than internal processes or monitoring.

Hackers Exploit Zero-Day Bugs in Draytek Devices to Target Enterprise Networks

References

Related Post

New Apple iOS 16 Exploit Enables Stealthy Cellular Access Under Fake Airplane Mode

China-Linked Bronze Starlight Group Targeting Gambling Sector with Cobalt Strike Beacons

NoFilter Attack: Sneaky Privilege Escalation Method Bypasses Windows Security

You missed

Protected: Rotary VI EAST

Protected: BetterCyberCareer Group

Protected: Benin Club 1931 – Official

Protected: Whatsapp AI Automation Group